SANCTIONS ANEW

Mohammed K. Roashan

 

To be honest, Afghanistan and the sad plight of the Afghans is once again the main topic that concerns everyone involved with world affairs.  The US-instigated UN Security Councils January 21st. sanctions came into effect yesterday?  The first day of the presidency of George Walker Bush.  What will a Republican President do for a final lasting peace in Afghanistan?  Will he get involved seriously and try to change things for the better in that war-torn land which has not seen peace in over twenty years?  Or will he join hands with Russia like his predecessor and bring down the Taleban in favor of a minority group, who will still be a minority even if it joins hands with other minorities such as Uzbeks and Hazaras against the Pushtoon majority in Afghanistan? Will he and other like-minded world leaders join hands and find a solution to the Taleban problem by other peaceful means?

 

Right now, as it is, every day there is new trouble, new problems, and new quagmires that what is left of the nation of 18 million is facing. 

 

At first it was the Russians, our so-called neighbors and "friends".  It is well known what the Soviets did to us.  We lost almost two million martyrs as a result of the Russian atrocities.  We lost millions more as refugees, most of them to find returning well-nigh

Impossible.  Various groups began struggles for superiority over the others and, in the process, brought about death and destruction to the masses, the poor, devastated, and powerless people. When they did not kill people, they destroyed farms, homes and national property and government establishments.  Kabul and Kabulies received the brunt of such brutality.

 

Next came a leader, Professor Rabbani, who promised to lay the groundwork for an all-encompassing democratic government that would bring peace and prosperity to Afghanistan inside a period of six months first, then, in a year’s time. Then he decided that the seat of authority was too close to his heart than peace and tranquility of the people.  Some of the country’s neighbors talked of a desire for peace, but deep down, they, too, had special goals, which they followed diligently.  They still do so to this date.  A period of highway robbery, and mini-feudal warlords followed which further aggravated the situation and made life in Afghanistan miserable for what was left of the nation.

 

Taleban appeared and seemed to be determined to stop brigandage, collect arms and thereby bring some measure of tranquility.  They finally reached Kabul, took over the nominal control of Government and proclaimed their own version of an Islamic Ameerate of Afghanistan.

 

Unfortunately this too does not seem to bring about what the nation so direly needs-- time to mend peoples’ mental and material wounds and look forward to a semblance of normalcy once more.

 

Taleban came with a brand of religious intolerance.  They stated outright that what was happening in the country was contrary to Islam. They termed such things as men shaving their beards or wearing suits instead of shirts and trousers to work, or caps over their heads instead of turbands as grave crimes against Islam. They called women going out to work as teachers, doctors, office workers and factory personnel without an all-covering outfit known as burqa a crime against Islam.  They termed girls’ schools un-Islamic and banned them all over the 95% of the country and are vying to do the same in the remaining 5%.  Not only that, they also stopped boy’s schools beyond a basic knowledge of reading the Holy Qurān and elementary math and some writing.  Modern education was considered not necessary for the citizens of the Ameerate of Afghanistan “and not the Kingdom or the Republic of Afghanistan.”  In this, they followed the path of the leaders of Mujahedeen, i.e., to grab hold of the seat of government in

Afghanistan for all time and keep the land and the people under their brand of rule.   Talk to them about government according to the choice of the Muslim peoples of Afghanistan, and create a parliamentary system and run the country according to the expressed and agreed-upon wish of the nation, and see it fall upon deaf ears.  I wonder if they know how they are planning to run the country and its government.  What financial resources can they rely upon and how much they expect would be needed year after year to keep everything running in an orderly way?

 

If they were thinking that Pakistan or any other country would continue to help them indefinitely, they are gravely mistaken.  Right now the country is suffering a grave shortage of wheat and flour, the staple food item of the country.  What is Pakistan doing to help the Afghans?  Nothing.  They say they will sell some food commodities to Taleban.  Does Pakistan know where the money is for such purchases?  They forbid export of any food items to Afghanistan to let the United States know that they are following their and United Nations’ sanctions against Taleban.

 

Is there anyone who does not know that there are almost a million Afghan nationals still in Pakistan?  They cannot return to their homes because of the threat of war that seems never to stop in Afghanistan. They also know it is impossible for the world at large to accept them as refugees until peace can come to Afghanistan?

 

Taleban are playing host to Osama bin Laden because he “helped” Afghanistan during the war against the Soviets and because he now apparently has taken refuge in the country against elements that are his enemies.  In so far as this is in accordance with the spirit of Afghan hospitality and in line with their principle of Pukhtanwali, it is all well and praiseworthy.  But is it fair to put a whole nation in grave danger by holding on to a “friend” who finally has come to his senses and has suggested that he is ready to leave Afghanistan and go elsewhere on earth? Is it fair for Taleban to continue to keep Osama when a super power like the United States has openly warned Afghanistan, that she would hold Afghanistan and Taleban totally responsible for any act of terrorism that takes place anywhere in the world where U.S. interests and American lives are threatened?

 

Last year an Algerian was caught in a remote Port of entry into the United States from neighboring Canada with enough nitroglycerine and other bomb-making materials to completely annihilate a four-block business and residential area in any American city.  The United

States intelligence agencies immediately related the man, Ahmad Ressam, to bin Laden.  Prior to that the United States media announced that a group of 14 “terrorists” were caught in Jordan who were all trained in Afghanistan.  What would have happened to Afghans in remote Afghanistan, if Ressam and/or his band had actually been able to carry out their act of terrorism and blasted their bombs killing innumerable innocent Americans?  I believe the first reaction would take the form of bombarding the already devastated country of the Afghans for something that, in the eyes of the world, was the work of bin Laden and his clique of sworn enemies of the United States.  And it is not certain that any retaliatory measure would reach the person of bin Laden, the accused culprit.

 

The attack on the American war ship last year in the Yemeni port and the sad loss of life is yet another incident that is considered masterminded by Osama bin Laden.  The measures taken by the US and, at it’s urging, by the UN Security Council, are further and graver sanctions against Taleban. This time it is far more serious than previous measures.

 

The New sanctions include:

An embargo on arms sales and military aid to Taleban, withdrawal of foreign military advisors, closure of all Taleban offices overseas.

Freeze on assets of Osama bin Laden and associates, overseas travel ban on Senior Taleban officials, closure of Ariana Afghan Airlines offices abroad, and ban on selling heroin-making chemicals to the Taleban.

 

All those who are in the know, clearly notice that these sanctions are in effect a unilateral stand against Taleban and not at all against the Northern Alliance, the group that has occupied the Afghanistan seat at the UN and that is physically being assisted militarily by Russia and Iran and others all the while.  Do the UN and the US know that the majority of population of Afghanistan consists of Pushtoons and the Alliance is an alliance by name only and consists only of Tajiks?  If the world as well as the Afghans no matter where they live now would like to see a broad-based government established in Afghanistan, the Tajiks, Uzbeks, Hazaras and others, combined, would still be the minority population and no government would be considered broad-based without the Pushtoon majority?   So why is it that an incorrect stance is taken against Afghanistan? 

 

The effects of any sanctions against Taleban are actually felt by the people and not the so-called government of Taleban.  Why can’t the US and UN see this fact?  The impoverished Afghans think that these measures are an economic blockade against them.  If the US and UN think that the sanctions do not affect the people, do they know that the private sector does not have any resources with which to buy the direly needed food commodities?  The worst drought in living memory of the Afghans is still prevailing and only God knows when it may end.  The only Afghan exports to neighboring Pakistan and India were fresh fruits and dry seeds.  None of these are now existent.  So, if there is a private sector capable of trading with these neighbors, what resources could they have to do so?  Right now, India is an open adversary and Pakistan, a country fearing the US and its influences.  So the poor Afghan nation is really looking for a long drawn-out period of economic strife and the world seems to want to remain ignorant of its plight.

 

The US/UN should really think of some other way to deal with the Taleban who are also blind in so far as what has their policy of governing Afghanistan done to the Afghan nation. When will Taleban put a stop to the further demolition of what may still be intact in the Infrastructure of Afghanistan?  The destruction already wrought, by the Russians and mostly by Afghans themselves, must be measured in billions of dollars.

 

Any outside attack on the land of the Afghans would leave nothing for any one to call by the term “Afghanistan”.  It would be a totally destroyed country, a no-man’s land where only some wild beasts may roam   I see no funds of any kind in the Afghan treasury to rebuild what the once-proud nation has already lost.  How much more are we willing to lose by the futile stubbornness of Taleban in the matter of bin Laden?

 

I, for one, have lost any hope of Taleban changing their stance and the nation may continue to hope for breathing a sigh of relief at the return of a democratic form of government any time soon.  Not until what a poet has once said: Dastay az ghaib ferode Aayado kaaray bekunad!? (Translation: a Hand comes down from beyond and does something.)  01/21/2001